- Friendship is an interpersonal relationship between two persons that is mutually productive and characterized by mutual positive regard.
- The types of friendships are: ~Reciprocity, characterized by loyalty, self-sacrifice, mutual affection, and generosity. ~Receptivity, characterized by a comfortable and positive imbalance in the giving and receiving of rewards; each person's needs are satisfied by the exchange. ~Association, a transitory relationship, more like a friendly relationship than a true friendship.
- Friendships serve a variety of needs and give us a variety of values, among which are the values of utility, affirmation, ego-support, stimulation, and security.
- Friendship demands vary between collectivist and individualist cultures.
- Women share more and are more intimate with same-sex friends than are men. Men's friendships are often built around shared activities rather than shared intimacies.
Love
What is love? What are the major kinds of love? What is the effect of love on communication? How does love vary in different cultures and between men and women?
- Love is a feeling that may be characterized by passion and caring and by intimacy, passion, and commitment.
- Types of love: ~Eros love focuses on beauty and sexuality, sometimes to the exclusion of other qualities. ~Ludus love is seen as a game and focuses on entertainment and excitement. ~Storge love is a kind of companionship, peaceful and slow. ~Pragma love is practical and traditional. ~Mania love is obsessive and possessive, characterized by elation and depression. ~Agape love is compassionate and selfless, characterized as self-giving and altruistic.
- Verbal and nonverbal messages echo the intimacy of a love relationship. With increased intimacy, you share more, speak in a more personalized style, engage in prolonged eye contact, and touch each other more often.
- Members of individualist cultures are likely to place greater emphasis on romantic love than are members of collectivist cultures.
- Men generally score higher on erotic and ludic love, whereas women score higher on manic, pragmatic, and storgic love. Men generally score higher on romanticism than women.
Family
What is a family? What are the types of families? How do families communicate?
- Characteristics of Families ~Defined roles. Members understand the roles each of them serves. ~Recognition of responsibilities. Members realize that each person has certain responsibilities to the relationship. ~Shared history and future. Members have an interactional past and an anticipated future together. ~Shared living space. Generally, members live together. ~Established rules. The relationship is rule governed, rather than random or unpredictable.
- Family Types ~Traditionals see themselves as a blending of two people into a single couple. ~Independents see themselves as primarily separate individuals, an individuality that is more important than the relationship or the connection between the individuals. ~Separates see their relationship as a matter of convenience rather than of mutual love or connection.
- Communication in Families ~Equality. Each person shares equally in the communication transactions and decision making. ~Balanced split. Each person has authority over different but relatively equal domains. ~Unbalanced split. One person maintains authority and decision-making power over a wider range of issues than the other. ~Monopoly. One person dominates and controls the relationship and the decisions made.
Communicating in Workplace Relationships
What types of relationships occur in the workplace, and what influence does the workplace have on such relationships?
- Romantic relationships in the workplace, although having a variety of benefits, are often frowned upon and often entail a variety of problems that would not arise in other contexts.
- Mentoring relationships help you learn the ropes of the organization through the experience and knowledge of someone who has gone through the processes you'll be going through.
- Networking enables you to expand your area of expertise and enables you to secure information bearing on a wide variety of problems you want to solve and questions you want to answer.
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